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State: Tennessee

Tennessee Divorce Lawyers

Men often face emotional turmoil and uncertainty when considering divorce in Tennessee. They may fear losing assets and custody battles. They may worry about the perceived bias against men in family law cases. The divorce process is often complicated. Trying to navigate it without expert legal representation is dangerous. Men can risk financial loss in property division, child support, or alimony payments. They may end up with limited child custody rights. These risks intensify the emotional and financial strain of divorce. Cordell & Cordell is an ally to men in Tennessee divorce cases. Thanks to years of experience handling family law matters, the firm takes an aggressive approach to litigation and offers a deep understanding of how divorce can affect men. Let us help you through this challenging time and protect your interests.

Why Choose Cordell & Cordell for Your Divorce in Tennessee?

For over thirty years, the Tennessee divorce lawyers at Cordell & Cordell have offered legal advice and advocacy to men going through divorce cases. Our law firm focuses on legal issues affecting men, such as parenting rights and a fair division of assets.

Hear From Past Clients:

“My attorney was incredibly tenacious and very knowledgeable in fighting our case, and she helped my family navigate through what was probably the most stressful time in our lives! In the end, my daughter and I were very happy with the outcome. If I could give [my attorney] more than five stars, I would!” — Joseph L.

“Excellent representation, honest and very responsive. The outcome was more than acceptable, given the conditions. Will certainly use [my attorney] at Cordell and Cordell for any future issues.” — Dustin B.

Understanding Tennessee Divorce Laws: What Men Need to Know

Divorce in Tennessee can involve numerous issues affecting almost every aspect of a person’s life. If spouses can agree to a settlement in an uncontested divorce, they must deal with property division, perhaps spousal support and the custody and support of any minor children. A contested divorce may require a judge to decide these issues. After the divorce is final, modifications to child support, child custody, or spousal support orders may be necessary.

Cordell Cordell’s ‌Tennessee divorce attorneys have experience in the following practice areas.

Grounds for Filing for a Divorce in Tennessee

Two people, with hands clasped, face each other across a table with a document and a pen between them, implying a serious discussion or agreement, in a dimly lit room.

When filing for divorce in Tennessee, you must state a reason, also known as the grounds for divorce. Tennessee allows “no-fault divorce,” meaning that a court can grant a divorce without evidence that either spouse did something to cause the breakup of the marriage. State law provides two grounds for no-fault divorce:

  • The spouses have irreconcilable differences.
  • The spouses have lived apart without cohabitating for at least two years and do not have minor children.

Tennessee law identifies thirteen fault-based grounds for divorce:

  1. A spouse was impotent at the time of marriage and remains unable to reproduce.
  2. The marriage occurred while a spouse was still married to someone else.
  3. A spouse has committed adultery.
  4. A spouse deserted the other “without a reasonable cause” for at least one year.
  5. A spouse is convicted of a crime that causes them to become “infamous,” meaning a felony that results in ineligibility to vote.
  6. A spouse is convicted of a felony and sentenced to imprisonment.
  7. A spouse has maliciously attempted to kill the other spouse.
  8. A spouse has, without reasonable cause, refused to move to Tennessee with the other spouse and remained away for at least two years.
  9. At the time of the marriage, the wife was pregnant with someone else’s child without the husband’s knowledge.
  10. A spouse began abusing alcohol or drugs after the marriage began.
  11. A spouse engaged in “inappropriate marital conduct,” defined as “cruel and inhuman treatment… [that] renders cohabitation unsafe and improper.”
  12. A spouse made it “intolerable” for the other spouse to continue living with them.
  13. A spouse abandoned the other or kicked them out of the marital residence and failed to do so despite being able to support them financially.

Child Custody Laws in Tennessee

Courts must base all child custody decisions on what they believe will be in the child’s best interests. Some factors that a judge might consider include:

  • The child’s relationship with each parent;
  • Each parent’s potential for handling parental responsibilities;
  • The child’s emotional and developmental needs;
  • The child’s relationships with other family members;
  • The child’s wishes, if they are at least 12 years old; and
  • Any history of abuse or neglect by either parent.

Child Support Must-Knows for Fathers in Tennessee

Tennessee uses the “income shares” model to calculate child support obligations. This model is based on the idea that both parents should contribute financially to a child in proportion to their income. The following steps are involved in calculating child support:

  • Determine the parents’ combined gross monthly income, which includes wages, salary, self-employment income, annuities, capital gains, and other income sources.
  • Determine Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) by deducting taxes and credits for minor children born to other relationships.
  • Calculate the basic child support obligation based on the Tennessee child support guidelines.
  • Make adjustments for the amount of parenting time each parent has with the child and expenses like health insurance for the child to determine the Adjusted Support Obligation (ASO).
  • Each parent’s ASO is in proportion to their share of AGI.

Complexities of Tennessee Divorce for Fathers with Substantial Assets

A man in a pinstripe suit talks on a cell phone outside a glass building, with trees and skyscrapers in the background.

Divorce can be complicated for almost anyone. A divorce case can become quite heated for someone with a substantial amount of assets due to property division disagreements. Our team of Tennessee family law attorneys has extensive experience working with financial professionals to inventory and value complex marital estates. We are practiced at presenting these issues in court in ways that protect our clients’ interests in assets like:

  • Family businesses;
  • Real estate;
  • Trusts;
  • Large-scale investments;
  • Retirement accounts; and
  • Valuables, heirlooms, and collectibles.

The Bias Against Men in Divorce: Breaking Down Myths

Our legal system can sometimes seem to have a bias toward women. Men often appear to receive harsher penalties than women for the same crimes, for example. Crimes against women seem to receive more severe punishments than crimes against men. This can also appear in the legal process for divorce and other family law matters, such as when mothers seem to get full custody rights more often than fathers.

Some statistics support the idea that many family law cases go in women’s favor more often. Opinions vary widely about why this happens, but it is not due to the letter of the law. Family laws in Tennessee and other states make no distinctions between men and women or fathers and mothers.

One possible reason why mothers seem to get more custody rights is because of certain traditional views on parenthood that persist in our culture. Women are often seen as caregivers, while men are breadwinners. Regardless, our Tennessee divorce attorneys work to overcome any actual or perceived bias in the system and fight for our clients’ rights.

Facing a Divorce in Tennessee? Cordell & Cordell Has Your Back

You do not have to face the divorce process alone. Cordell & Cordell’s dedicated family lawyers are ready to fight for your rights as a father and your financial interests. We offer educational resources like eBooks, podcasts, and virtual town hall meetings to help you through this ordeal. Contact us today at 866-DADS-LAW (323-7529) or fill out our online contact form to learn more about how we can help.

Divorce Attorneys Serving Memphis, TN

While some divorces are straightforward, others can be complex and challenging. Yet, every divorce case, no matter how complicated, deserves a swift and definitive resolution. With approximately 2,400 divorces divorces occurring daily in the country, it’s crucial to recognize that each case is unique and must be handled with careful consideration of its specific circumstances.

Navigating the legal system around divorce in the Memphis area can be difficult despite the efforts made to make it easier. A useful tool is the help of experienced divorce lawyers from Cordell & Cordell. Our law office works to advocate for people in family law systems, taking an aggressive approach to court to help get a favorable outcome for you and your family. Take a closer look at how our divorce attorneys can help you every step of the way, and reach out to learn more about the legal services our family law group offers.

Why Work With Cordell & Cordell

Cordell & Cordell represents clients in the family court system. With our help, you will have an experienced advocate as a parent who will help you focus on equity and the best interests of any children, which are the factors the courts are supposed to value most. Take a look at what some of our previous clients had to say about our services and attorney-client relationship.

Client Experiences

“[My attorney] was a FANTASTIC lawyer whom I truly feel was on my side. I’ve had lawyers who have tried to run you over with how THEY want your case to go. [She] listened to my issue, took into consideration all of the facts and my evidence, and was able to surpass all of my expectations. I’d definitely recommend her to anyone looking for a great lawyer!” – Tijuana B.

“I would recommend Cordell & Cordell to anyone needing a family law attorney […]. In regard to my case, [my attorney] was very strategic in her actions and provided me with reassurance that everything would be okay during this stressful time. – Jarmenn S.

Our Family Law Practice Areas In Tennessee

Navigating the Judgment of Divorce in Shelby County Courts

Divorces in Memphis are carried out through the Shelby County Chancery Court and Circuit Courts and it is always helpful to understand the process before you arrive. The following are the procedural steps you can expect from the divorce process.

  • Determine the Grounds for Divorce: Tennessee is a no-fault state, so you can pursue a no-fault divorce on the grounds of irreconcilable differences. If you are pursuing a fault-based divorce, however, you will need to demonstrate proof of grounds.
  • Filing the Complaint: When you file the complaint for divorce, you are officially petitioning for a divorce action. If you and your spouse can agree on terms, the marital dissolution agreement is also filed at this time.
  • Attend the Mandatory Seminar: After you file a complaint for divorce, you and your spouse are required to attend a mandatory parent educational seminar if you and your spouse have minor children together. It lasts four hours, and completing it will earn you a certificate of completion, which must be submitted to the court by both parties prior to finalizing the divorce.
  • Waiting Period: There is a sixty-day minimum waiting period to get a divorce in Tennessee. If you and your spouse have minor children, that waiting period is extended to ninety days.
  • Discovery: Can be filed any time after a Complaint is filed. This is a legal procedure in which each spouse has the right to gather information about the other regarding relevant matters like assets, debts, income, and more.
  • Divorce Mediation: After discovery, contested divorces must go through mediation before trial. A neutral party mediates to see if terms can be met.
  • Trial: If you and your spouse cannot come to an agreement, then you will proceed to trial. This involves presenting evidence to the court and having a judge determine the terms of the final divorce decree.

Understanding Alimony in TN and Protecting Your Assets

In a divorce, marital assets are ideally split equitably between both spouses. Determining what is equitable, however, can be difficult and could result in your spouse taking assets to which she would ideally not be entitled. Understanding how alimony works in Tennessee and some strategies for protecting your assets can help.

  • Clearly Define Marital Property and Separate Property: The only kind of property typically distributable in a divorce is marital property or property that you and your spouse jointly own and acquired during the marriage. By distinguishing this between separate property, or property solely yours acquired before the marriage, you can protect your assets in many cases.
  • Know Your Overall Net Worth: To properly form an asset protection strategy, you must calculate your assets’ total value. The court will evaluate the property and income of each spouse before and after the divorce, so knowing these figures beforehand puts you at an advantage when planning your strategy.
  • Separate Assets: If you share any assets with your spouse that can be separated, it is useful to separate them. This can include bank accounts, personal property, and even debt. Just make sure there are records of your finances and transactions because the judge will certainly be able to find them.
  • Consider the Taxes: Assets of equal value may not necessarily be taxed equally, so it’s important to remember how taxes apply. For example, you may be able to get $50,000 worth of access to a 401(k) account while your wife gets $50,000 from a bank account. While both of these are worth $50,000, money withdrawn from a 401(k) is taxed, while money withdrawn from a bank account is not.
  • Hire an Attorney: Getting an attorney on your side can offer a significant advantage in any divorce case. At Cordell & Cordell, we have extensive experience representing clients in family law cases.

Why You Should Join a Divorce Support Group in Memphis

Divorce is a difficult time for everyone, even in situations where divorce is the best option moving forward. Joining a support group is a great way to cope with the process and take care of your own mental and emotional health as you navigate this stressful time. Check out our town hall and other resources below if you want judgment-free, non-religious support groups.

Take Control of Your Divorce with Cordell & Cordell

At Cordell & Cordell, our divorce attorneys with years of experience can help you navigate this stressful time and create a better future for you and your family. Get in touch with our team today by calling 866-323-7529 or by filling out our online contact form to schedule an initial consultation.

Margaret Chesney

Margaret Chesney enjoys family law because of the direct contact it allows her with people in need.

“Practicing family law allows me to help people in a real way about issues that matter most to them,” she says. “I like to problem-solve and help people navigate through some of the most difficult times of their lives.”

Ms. Chesney uses her years of family law experience to ask good questions, understand her clients’ needs and approach the case fully prepared.

“I tell clients that this is their case and that they will be involved in all the decision-making on their case,” she says. “We can be as aggressive or as agreeable as the client wants.  I will pursue the client’s end goal to the best of my ability within the laws of the state of Tennessee.”

Certified Mediator

Wesley Fox

Knoxville divorce attorney Wesley Fox enjoys advocating and negotiating for clients in the fast-paced atmosphere that family law provides. He also has a patient and sympathetic attitude for his clients who are going through one of the more difficult periods of their lives.

“The most important thing is to trust your attorney and trust the process,” Mr. Fox said. “It’s easy to get mired down in the small insignificant details but a client who steps back and looks towards the future, their independence, and the bigger picture as a whole makes the divorce process a lot easier.”

Tennessee Divorce Laws & FAQ

Tennessee divorce attorneys provide answers to frequently asked questions with regards to Tennessee divorce laws and how to get a divorce in Tennessee. Here are answers to frequently asked questions about divorce laws in Tennessee

Divorce in Tennessee: Frequently Asked Questions

Tennessee Child Custody Questions

Tennessee child custody attorneys provide answers to frequently asked questions with regards to Tennessee child custody laws and custody in Tennessee.

Who will get custody of our child?

If you and your spouse can agree to a custody arrangement, you will decide which spouse gets custody of your children. If you and your spouse do not agree, the court will determine the custodial arrangement based on the best interest of the child.

Related Article: Will I Get Custody?

What is joint custody? What is sole custody?

In Tennessee, we have both “physical” and “legal” custody. Legal custody concerns decisions regarding the child’s health, education, and welfare. Physical custody concerns the child’s day-to-day living arrangements.

Related Article: Joint Physical Custody vs. Joint Legal Custody

If both parents share custody does anyone pay child support?

Yes, in Tennessee child support is based off the Tennessee Child Support Guidelines. If parents share 50-50/equal parenting time, child support is based upon each parent having one hundred eighty-two and one-half (182.5) days of parenting time.

Related Article: Who Pays Child Support If We Share Custody?

Can a parent refuse to allow visitation if child support is not paid?

No, child support is a completely different and independent issue from the right of visitation. If a parent refuses to pay child support, the other parent should file a Petition for Contempt.

Related Article: Options If Denied Parenting Time Over Owed Child Support

When can my child decide which parent to live with?

Under Tennessee statute, the court shall consider the reasonable preference of the child over the age of 12. The court may choose to hear the preference of a child under the age of 12. The preference of the child is one factor that the court will consider in determining the best interests of the children.

Related Article: Choosing Mom or Dad: Can A Child Choose Where To Live?

Do grandparents have custody and visitation rights?

Grandparents seeking custody from a natural parent raises issues of constitutional rights, specifically the right to privacy. If grandparents and natural parents become involved in a custody dispute, the parent will not lose custody without a showing of parental unfitness or a showing of substantial harm to the child.

Related Article: What Visitation Rights Do Grandparents Have?

What is a parenting plan, and do I need one?

In Tennessee, all divorcing parents enter into a Permanent Parenting Plan. The Permanent Parenting Plan accounts for the physical and legal custody of your children.

Related Article: What Should Be Covered In A Parenting Plan?

If my separation agreement includes custody/support can it be included in the divorce decree?

This is not applicable in Tennessee.

What can I expect from temporary orders?

The court may order temporary child support during the litigation. The Tennessee Child Support Guidelines apply to temporary support orders.

Related Article: Preparing For A Temporary Orders Hearing

When will child custody be decided?

Custody can be decided at any point between the parties. A court can award temporary custody if requested by either of the parties. Custody may be decided at mediation. If the parties cannot reach an agreement, custody will be decided by the court at a trial.

Related Article: How Long Should It Take To Serve Custody Papers?

When can I modify custody?

The standard for modifying child custody is a material and substantial change in circumstance that affects the best interest of the child.

Related Article: Can Parents File For A Custody Modification At Any Time?

What if we cannot agree on a custody arrangement?

If you and the other parent cannot agree to a child custody arrangement, the court will determine the custody arrangement. The court will determine the custodial arrangement that is in the child’s best interest.

What is an ex parte order?

An ex parte order is a temporary order that is granted without notice of hearing to the other side. These orders are unusual and only issued in certain circumstances. An ex parte order is only issued for a certain period of time. For example, if one parent alleges physical abuse, the court may grant an ex parte order.

Related Article: The Nuclear Weapon Of Divorce: Orders Of Protection

How is custody decided?

If parents cannot agree to a custodial arrangement, the court determines custody based on the best interest of the child.

Related Article: The Factors Courts Consider When Determining Child Custody

How can I increase my chances at getting a larger custody agreement?

The court will base custody on the best interests of the child. You will want to speak to an attorney about anything you can do to increase your chances at getting a larger custody agreement.

Related Article: Custody Gameplan: Building A Case For Equal Custody

What is visitation?

In Tennessee, the term is parenting time. Parenting time refers to the number of days each parent has physical custody of the child.

Can a judge order supervised visitation or no visitation?

The court’s job is to determine visitation that is in the best interest of the minor children. Under certain circumstances, the judge may order supervised visitation. Termination of parental rights is something that you should discuss with your attorney.

What should I know before a custody trial?

The court will award custody based on the best interest of the child. Your attorney can offer no assurances as to the outcome of any custody litigation.

Related Article: Divorce Trial Prep: One Week Before Trial

Can I collect my own evidence to use if my custody case goes to court?

Yes. You should discuss with your attorney any evidence that you plan to collect. You should be aware that there are state and federal wiretapping laws that must be strictly complied with by you and your attorney.

Do I need to use a Guardian ad Litem/Custody Evaluator?

A Guardian ad Litem is not necessary in most cases. Either party may request a Guardian ad Litem be appointed by the court. In some cases, the court will appoint a Guardian ad Litem without a request from either party.

Related Article: Using A Guardian Ad Litem In A Custody Case

Will my child need to appear in court?

Probably not. Most of the time the judges, lawyers, and parties prefer to keep children, especially young children, out of court.

What is the Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act?

Congress passed the Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act (PKPA) in 1980. The purpose of PKPA was to prioritize jurisdictional grounds to prevent states from fighting over jurisdiction over child custody issues.

Related Article: 13 Ways To Prevent Parental Kidnapping

What if my wife tries to move the kids out state?

Neither party can relocate out of the state while a divorce is pending. After the divorce, the primary residential parent can relocate after giving the appropriate notice to the other parent. For the alternative residential parent to defeat a relocation of the child by the primary residential parent, the parent must prove a substantial risk of harm to the child if custody remained the same.

Related Article: Child Custody Laws: How To Block A Move Out Of State

Can a parent change the child’s last name without the other parent’s permission?

Usually no. If parents are unmarried, Tennessee case law states that the child’s last name is mother’s preference.

Related Article: What Is The Process For Changing My Child’s Last Name?

If I have custody, will I receive child support?

Most likely. However, under the Tennessee Child Support Guidelines, it is possible for the alternative residential parent to receive child support from the primary residential parent.

Related Article: How To Calculate Child Support

Nashville Fathers’ Rights

Nashville fathers’ rights advocates scored a victory for fairness in marital law in June 2011 when Tennessee passed a law requiring judges to attempt to maximize both parents’ involvement in their children’s lives.

Supporters of Nashville dads’ rights were formerly frustrated by the state’s bias against near 50/50 custody splits even when it was demonstrated that fathers were meeting or excelling at their parental obligations.

No law yet exists where 50/50 splits are mandated, but more equitable treatment is becoming the norm. It’s important to note that this law only applies to new judgments, and when custody orders have already been established it will require a significant change in the circumstances of the parents. However, if this has occurred, fathers can petition the courts to consider the case under the new standards.

Because of these enhancements to Tennessee family law it’s more important than ever for dads who wish to maximize their involvement in their children’s lives to seek counsel who understand the challenges and biases fathers face in the courtroom and who can help them meet their goals.

Cordell & Cordell Is Dedicated To Nashville, TN Fathers’ Rights

Cordell & Cordell was founded more than 25 years ago on the belief that men needed focused representation when attempting to fight an uphill battle in family law courts, which historically have been predisposed against fathers.

Men who come to Cordell & Cordell know that their interests and the interests of their children will be aggressively championed. Our Nashville dads’ rights attorneys are dedicated to providing you the best client care and service possible while fighting to ensure your rights are protected throughout the divorce process.

To schedule an appointment with a Nashville dads’ rights divorce attorney, please call 1-866-DADS-LAW.

Information on Nashville Divorce You Might Find Useful

Dads’ Rights

Tennessee Fathers’ Rights In Divorce

Information on Fathers’ Rights

Memphis Fathers’ Rights

Memphis, Tennessee fathers’ rights received a huge boost in June 2011 when Gov. Bill Haslam signed a bill requiring judges to consider how to maximize both parents’ involvement in their child’s life when making custody decisions.

This victory for dads’ rights will likely lead to increased visitation for divorced dads and more 50-50 child custody determinations.

The original bill was a compromise to plans advocated by fathers’ rights groups who hoped judges would divide child custody 50-50 in cases where there is no evidence that it would be harmful for a child. Though the 50-50 presumption is not yet on the books, dads’ rights supporters can be proud that the state is now requiring family courts to maximize the father’s role in his child’s life post-divorce.

This law only applies to new child custody orders so those dads living under current unfair custody orders will have to prove substantial and continuing changes of circumstances in order to modify custody.

Get help with dads’ rights in Memphis, Tennessee by arranging a meeting with a Cordell and Cordell men’s divorce attorney, please call 1-866-DADS-LAW.

Dads’ Rights in Memphis Resources | Tennessee Fathers’ Rights Resources

Dads’ Rights

Tennessee Fathers’ Rights In Divorce

Information on Fathers’ Rights

Marital Property in Tennessee

In a divorce action in Tennessee, marital property is divided; separate property is not.

Property division is the term used by courts and lawyers for describing this process. Property division requires that all property be identified, classified, and valued. Tennessee is an “equitable distribution” state.  This means that once property is classified as marital or separate, the trial court must divide marital property equitably according to the factors listed in T.C.A. § 36-4-121(c).

An equitable division does not always mean an equal division of property.  In other words, marital property will not always be divided 50/50.  Also, equitable division does not mean each party will receive a share of every piece of marital property.

Sometimes a court will give an entire asset to one spouse.

A trial court will classify all property as either marital or separate. Property acquired during the marriage is marital property. When classifying marital property, record title is not always determinative.

Separate property, also known as non-marital property, generally consists of all real and personal property owned before marriage, gifts, and inheritances.

As stated above, only marital property is divided. Each spouse will keep his or her separate property.

Tennessee Property Division Factors

Under Tennessee law, the following factors are considered by the court in equitably dividing marital property:

1) The duration of the marriage;

2) The age, physical and mental health, vocational skills, employability, earning capacity, estate, financial liabilities and financial needs of each of the parties;

3) The tangible or intangible contribution by one (1) party to the education, training or increased earning power of the other party;

4) The relative ability of each party for future acquisitions of capital assets and income;

5) The contribution of each party to the acquisition, preservation, appreciation, depreciation or dissipation of the marital or separate property, including the contribution of a party to the marriage as homemaker, wage earner or parent, with the contribution of a party as homemaker or wage earner to be given the same weight if each party has fulfilled its role; (who contributed more, who performed marital role more, and why)

6) The value of the separate property of each party;

7) The estate of each party at the time of the marriage;

8) The economic circumstances of each party at the time the division of property is to become effective;

9) The tax consequences to each party, costs associated with the reasonably foreseeable sale of the asset, and other reasonably foreseeable expenses associated with the asset;

10) The amount of social security benefits available to each spouse; and

11) Such other factors as are necessary to consider the equities between the parties.

Tennessee law considers each spouse’s separate property in determining property division. If one spouse has substantially more separate property, the other spouse is likely to be awarded a greater division of marital property.

Under Tennessee law, it is possible for one spouse’s separate property, or the appreciation of that separate property, to become marital property. The income from and appreciation of separate property during the marriage may be classified as marital property if the non-owning spouse proves that both spouses substantially contributed to its preservation and appreciation.

Also, under Tennessee common law there are two ways that separate property becomes marital property.

The first way that separate property becomes marital is by commingling. Commingling occurs when separate property is “inextricably mingled” with marital property or with the separate property of the other spouse. If separate property is treated as marital property, a presumption arises that there has been a gift of the separate property to the marital estate.

Tennessee also recognizes transmutation as a method in which separate property becomes marital. According to the Tennessee Supreme Court transmutation occurs when “separate property is treated in such a way as to give evidence of an intention that it becomes marital.”

Transmutation, commingling, and the appreciation of separate property are complex property division issues that do not arise in every divorce.  If relevant, your attorney will explain these concepts to you in detail.

Tennessee Resources

Tennessee family law issues are complicated, and conflicts are common given the emotional stress of these situations. From child custody to divorce, any kind of split in a family can bring emotional stress to everyone involved, which certainly does not make the legal process any easier.

With a Tennessee family law attorney by your side, however, you don’t have to embark on this endeavor on your own. At Cordell & Cordell, we represent clients in family court cases with an aggressive approach that advocates for your rights and your children. Get in touch with our team to see how we can help.

Furthermore, we recommend that you read our articles on divorce and child custody in Tennessee to better understand the process ahead. Educating yourself about the divorce process in Tennessee will enhance your ability to communicate with your divorce lawyer, which is crucial for achieving your goals in Tennessee Family Court.

Residency Requirement for Tennessee Divorce

A divorce in Tennessee may be granted if the plaintiff or the defendant has resided in the state of Tennessee for six months preceding the filing of the Complaint.

Related Article: What Is The Residency Requirement For Filing For Divorce?

Tennessee Divorce Process

A man, woman, and child sit on a couch, facing opposite directions, looking upset, in a brightly lit living room.

The divorce process is started by one spouse filing the “Complaint.” The spouse who files the Complaint is called the plaintiff. The other spouse is the defendant.

The Complaint and Summons must be served on the other party. This gives the defendant actual notice that the divorce has been filed. There are several ways to serve your spouse. Your Tennessee family law attorney will explain which method of service is best for you.

The Complaint contains certain statistical information and alleges grounds for divorce. After the defendant is served, the next step is for the defendant to file an answer. The defendant is required to file an answer within 30 days from date of service. The defendant may also file a Counter-Complaint. If a Counter-Complaint is filed, it must also be answered.

Under Tennessee law, if the Complaint alleges fault-based grounds (described below), a temporary mandatory injunction can be issued. The Mandatory Injunction prevents either party from dissipating marital assets, threatening harm to each other, and has provisions dealing with children of divorce. Note: temporary mandatory injunctions are generally filed in all divorce actions, regardless of grounds pled in a case.

At this point in the divorce process, your attorney will discuss the need to issue discovery and/or take depositions. Discovery is composed of interrogatories, which are questions your spouse must answer under oath, and request for production of documents, which requires your spouse to produce certain documents.

Related Article: I’m In A Hurry. How Fast Can I Get Divorced?

Parenting Plan in Tennessee

In Tennessee, a “Permanent Parenting Plan” is required for parents to get divorced. The Permanent Parenting Plan (or PPP) lists the rights and obligations of each parent. The PPP lays out which parent has decision-making authority, which can mean joint decision-making authority or one parent making the decisions.

The PPP lists which parent the children will spend time with on weekdays, weekends, and holidays. It lays out the specifics of how and when the children will be transported, and each parent’s financial obligations. The PPP additionally lists each parent’s rights, which include the right to telephone calls with the children, the rights to medical records, and the right to school records.

Grounds for Divorce in Tennessee

In Tennessee, we have two types of divorces: uncontested (usually irreconcilable differences) and contested (requires proof of grounds for divorce).

With a contested divorce, the parties cannot agree and must go to trial. Under Tennessee law, the grounds for a contested divorce are:

  • Adultery
  • Habitual drunkenness or abuse of narcotic drugs
  • Living apart for two years with no minor children
  • Inappropriate marital conduct
  • Willful or malicious desertion for one full year without a reasonable cause
  • Conviction of a felony
  • Pregnancy of the wife by another before the marriage without the husband’s knowledge.
  • Refusal to move to Tennessee with your spouse and living apart for two years
  • Malicious attempt upon the life of another
  • Lack of reconciliation for two years after the entry of a decree of separate maintenance
  • Impotency and sterility
  • Bigamy
  • Abandonment or refusal or neglecting to provide for spouse although able to do so.

In reality, most cases settle and are granted on the grounds of irreconcilable differences. If your case is unlikely to settle, your attorney will talk to you extensively about grounds, burden of proof, and any available defenses.

Additional Divorce Resources You Should Read

Tennessee Property Division

A person is connecting two jigsaw puzzle pieces with money bag symbols on a wooden surface, symbolizing financial solution or merger.

Tennessee is an equitable distribution state, which means that once property is classified as marital or separate, the trial court must divide marital property equitably according to the factors listed in T.C.A. § 36-4-121(c).

Equitable division does not always mean equal division of property. In other words, marital property will not always be divided 50/50. Also, equitable division does not mean each party will receive a share of every piece of marital property. Sometimes a court will give an entire asset to one spouse.

A trial court will classify all property as either marital or separate. Property acquired during the marriage is marital property. Separate property, also known as non-marital property, generally consists of all real and personal property owned before the marriage, or acquired by gifts and inheritances.

Under Tennessee law, the following factors are considered by the court in equitably dividing marital property:

  • The duration of the marriage
  • The age, physical and mental health, vocational skills, employability, earning capacity, estate, financial liabilities, and financial needs of each of the parties
  • The tangible or intangible contribution by one party to the education, training, or increased earning power of the other party
  • The relative ability of each party for future acquisitions of capital assets and income
  • The contribution of each party to the acquisition, preservation, appreciation, depreciation, or dissipation of the marital or separate property, including the contribution of a party to the marriage as homemaker, wage earner, or parent, with the contribution of a party as homemaker or wage earner to be given the same weight if each party has fulfilled its role (who contributed more, who performed the marital role more, and why)
  • The value of the separate property of each party
  • The estate of each party at the time of the marriage
  • The economic circumstances of each party at the time the division of property is to become effective
  • The tax consequences for each party, costs associated with the reasonably foreseeable sale of the asset, and other reasonably foreseeable expenses associated with the asset
  • The amount of Social Security benefits available to each spouse
  • Other factors as necessary to consider the equities between the parties

Under Tennessee law, it is possible for one spouse’s separate property, or the appreciation of that separate property, to become marital property. The income from and appreciation of separate property during the marriage may be classified as marital property if the non-owning spouse proves that both spouses substantially contributed to its preservation and appreciation.

Commingling occurs when separate property is inextricably mingled with marital property or the other spouse’s separate property. If separate property is treated as marital property, a presumption arises that the separate property has been given to the marital estate.

According to the Tennessee Supreme Court, transmutation occurs when “separate property is treated in such a way as to give evidence of an intention that it becomes marital.” Transmutation, commingling, and the appreciation of separate property are complex property division issues that do not arise in every divorce.

Related Article: 10 Quick Property Division Tips

Tennessee Child Custody Laws

One of the most important factors to understand regarding Tennessee child custody laws is the difference between residential custody and legal custody. Residential custody refers to the parent the child lives with more than 50% of the time, while legal custody refers to the right of parents to make decisions regarding the health, education, and welfare of the child.

In Tennessee, both parents have equal custody rights by default unless the court deems an alternative necessary in any particular case. When the court has to decide on a different custody arrangement besides the 50/50 split between the parents, their decision-making process is governed by the best interests of the child.

Regarding legal custody, there are several different versions. Sole custody means that only one parent has decision-making authority over the child’s well-being and general life. In Tennessee specifically, this kind of classification may not be all-encompassing. For example, both parents may have the right to make medical decisions on behalf of the child, but only one may have the right to make decisions about education.

Joint custody is not a modern term with legal application under Tennessee law, but it is still commonly used by judges and lawyers to describe a scenario in which parents share roughly the same amount of time with their children and hold the same amount of authority over them.

In cases of unmarried parents, paternity is not automatically presumed like it would be for a husband. Unmarried fathers may need to legally establish paternity before they can file for any kind of custody. When a child is born to an unwed mother in Tennessee, the mother is presumed to have full custody. The father would have to petition for his share.

Tennessee Child Support

A young boy looks at coins on a table, appearing thoughtful, with a blurred couple arguing in the background, suggesting family financial difficulties.

Child support in Tennessee is based on both parent’s income, earnings, and other factors that affect their ability to pay. It functions under the Income Shares Model, which presumes that both parents contribute to the financial support of the child based on their available income.

Several factors determine the precise amount of child support that needs to be paid, including the following.

  • The income of each parent: Child support is set proportionally to income, so the less a parent makes, the less child support they will have to pay. The bigger the income disparity, the higher child support will be.
  • The amount of parenting time each parent has: When custody is joint or split evenly, child support tends to be at its lowest. In cases of sole custody, child support is at its highest.
  • The number of children the parents have together: As the number of children increases, the amount of child support to be paid also increases.

Tennessee has a statutory maximum for child support payments that are directly based on how many children are involved. The maximums are as follows.

  • $2,100 per month for one child
  • $3,200 per month for two children
  • $4,100 per month for three children
  • $4,600 per month for four children
  • $5,000 per month for five or more children

Tennessee Alimony and Spousal Maintenance

Alimony can only be awarded at the time of divorce. There are four types of alimony in Tennessee:

  • Alimony in futuro: usually awarded in long-term marriages and can be awarded until death or remarriage
  • Rehabilitative alimony: This is awarded to help a spouse “rehabilitate” him or herself. This often means returning to school or obtaining job skills.
  • Transitional alimony: awarded to assist the economically disadvantaged spouse adjust to life after divorce
  • Alimony in solido: This is a form of property division. Your attorney will discuss with you the particulars of each type of alimony and whether they apply to your divorce.

Tennessee courts generally state that the two most important considerations in determining alimony are need and ability to pay. Tennessee law lists the following factors for courts to consider:

  • The relative earning capacity, obligations, needs, and financial resources of each party, including income from pension, profit-sharing or retirement plans and all other sources;
  • The relative education and training of each party, the ability and opportunity of each party to secure such education and training, and the necessity of a party to secure further education and training to improve such party’s earning capacity to a reasonable level;
  • The duration of the marriage;
  • The age and mental condition of each party;
  • The physical condition of each party, including, but not limited to, physical disability or incapacity due to a chronic, debilitating disease;
  • The extent to which it would be undesirable for a party to seek employment outside the home because such party will be custodian of a minor child of the marriage;
  • The separate assets of each party, both real and personal, tangible and intangible;
  • Marital property division;
  • The standard of living of the parties established during the marriage;
  • The extent to which each party has made such tangible and intangible contributions to the marriage as monetary and homemaker contributions, and tangible and intangible contributions by a party to the education, training or increased earning power of the other party;
  • The relative fault (who is more to blame) of the parties in cases where the court, in its discretion, deems it appropriate to do so; and
  • Such other factors, including the tax consequences to each party, as are necessary.

Related Article: Will I Have To Pay Alimony?

Why Choose Cordell & Cordell

Cordell & Cordell represents clients in family law courts. We take an aggressive approach with professionals in Tennessee who have extensive experience working with local laws regarding child support, custody, and more. With a communicative attorney-client relationship, you can approach your family law case with confidence. Take a look at what some of our previous clients had to say about our services.

“All around he did exceptionally well for me. He got everything I was fighting for, he communicated with me well, and it was just all around a great experience.” – Dale D.

“Communication was really, really, really, good. I appreciated how I was kept informed throughout. They were always checking in on me to see if I had any questions or needed anything. Everything was great.” – Benjamin C.

“My attorneys have been great over the 4 years of my case. The support I have received from the firm over the duration of my case has been outstanding. My attorneys treated me as a person and not just as another case. I felt they were concerned about the issues I was personally facing and that meant a lot to me. Thank you!” – Brian H.

Need Guidance For Your Family Law Issue? Call Cordell & Cordell.

Cordell & Cordell is ready to help you with your Tennessee family law case. This page is a resource and is not to be taken as legal advice. To get started with your case, give us a call at 866-323-7529 or fill out our online contact form to schedule an initial consultation.